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Related Concept Videos

Transcription Factors02:16

Transcription Factors

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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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General Transcription Factors01:30

General Transcription Factors

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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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Transcription Elongation Factors02:35

Transcription Elongation Factors

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Transcription elongation is a dynamic process that alters depending upon the sequence heterogeneity of the DNA being transcribed. Hence, it is not surprising that the elongation complex's composition also varies along the way while transcribing a gene.
The transcription elongation is regulated via pausing of RNA polymerase on several occasions during transcription. In bacteria, these halts are necessary because the transcription of DNA into mRNA is coupled to the translation of that mRNA...
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The DNA Replication Fork01:02

The DNA Replication Fork

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An organism’s genome needs to be duplicated in an efficient and error-free manner for its growth and survival. The replication fork is a Y-shaped active region where two strands of DNA are separated and replicated continuously. The coupling of DNA unzipping and complementary strand synthesis is a characteristic feature of a replication fork.   Organisms with small circular DNA, such as E. coli, often have a single origin of replication; therefore, they have only two replication...
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The DNA Replication Fork01:02

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Updated: Dec 25, 2025

Imaging Replicative Domains in Ultrastructurally Preserved Chromatin by Electron Tomography
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Imaging Replicative Domains in Ultrastructurally Preserved Chromatin by Electron Tomography

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Transcription Factor Binding to Replicated DNA.

Raz Bar-Ziv1, Sagie Brodsky2, Michal Chapal2

  • 1Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; The Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

Cell Reports
|March 27, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genome replication impacts gene regulation. While transcription factors can access replicated DNA, RNA polymerase II binding is limited, maintaining stable gene expression despite dosage changes.

Keywords:
DNARNA polymerasechromatinreplicationtranscriptiontranscription factor

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Genome replication alters the DNA regulatory environment by displacing proteins and changing nucleosome occupancy.
  • Replication-dependent epigenetic modifications help maintain transcription homeostasis by suppressing expression from replicated genes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether reduced transcription from replicated DNA is due to limited accessibility of regulatory factors.
  • To measure the time-resolved binding of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) and transcription factors (TFs) to DNA during S phase in budding yeast.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized time-resolved measurements of protein-DNA binding during S phase in budding yeast.
  • Assessed the binding patterns of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) and specific transcription factors (Reb1, Abf1, Rap1).
  • Correlated protein binding with increasing DNA dosage during replication.

Main Results:

  • RNA polymerase II (Pol II) binding to DNA showed limited sensitivity to DNA dosage, suggesting restricted access to replicated DNA.
  • Binding of transcription factors Reb1, Abf1, and Rap1 increased with rising DNA dosage.
  • The replication-specific chromatin environment allows TF access but limits Pol II recruitment.

Conclusions:

  • The accessibility of regulatory factors to replicated DNA is maintained.
  • Suppression of RNA polymerase recruitment, rather than factor accessibility, underlies reduced transcription from replicated DNA.
  • These findings clarify mechanisms for maintaining transcription homeostasis during DNA replication.