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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

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Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
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Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge02:54

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An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
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Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

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Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
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Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

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Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
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Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

20.3K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
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Formation of Complex Ions03:45

Formation of Complex Ions

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A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
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Site-Occupation-Tuned Superionic LiScCl3+Halide Solid Electrolytes for All-Solid-State Batteries.

Jianwen Liang1, Xiaona Li1, Shuo Wang2

  • 1Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|March 28, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed new halide solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) for all-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs). These LiScCl3+ materials show high ionic conductivity and stability, enabling improved battery performance.

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Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature
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Screening of Coatings for an All-Solid-State Battery Using In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy
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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Solid-State Chemistry

Background:

  • High energy density all-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) require highly conductive and stable solid-state electrolytes (SSEs).
  • Halide SSEs offer promising avenues for ASSLB development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discover and characterize a new series of LiScCl3+ SSEs.
  • To investigate the relationship between composition, structure, and Li+ transport properties.
  • To evaluate the electrochemical performance of these SSEs in ASSLBs.

Main Methods:

  • Co-melting synthesis strategy.
  • Structural analysis and preferred orientation observation.
  • Systematic exploration of Li+ diffusivity and ionic conductivity.
  • Electrochemical window determination and Li plating/stripping tests.
  • Fabrication and testing of LiCoO2/Li3ScCl6/In ASSLB.

Main Results:

  • Discovery of LiScCl3+ SSEs (x = 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4) with room-temperature ionic conductivity up to 3 × 10-3 S cm-1.
  • Demonstration of tunable Li+ migration by adjusting the 'x' value, leading to higher conductivity and reduced blocking effects.
  • Li3ScCl6 exhibits a wide electrochemical window (0.9-4.3 V vs Li+/Li) and stable Li plating/stripping for over 2500 hours.
  • An ASSLB using Li3ScCl6 achieved a reversible capacity of 104.5 mAh g-1 with good cycle life.

Conclusions:

  • LiScCl3+ SSEs are a viable candidate for ASSLBs due to their high ionic conductivity and electrochemical stability.
  • Compositional tuning of LiScCl3+ allows for optimization of Li+ transport.
  • These findings offer a new strategy for designing advanced SSEs for high-performance ASSLBs.