Relationships between Obesity, Nutrient Supply and Primary Open Angle Glaucoma in Koreans
Jae Yeun Lee1, Joon Mo Kim2, Kyoung Yong Lee1
1Department of Ophthalmology, Sahmyook Medical Center, Seoul 02500, Korea.
Nutrients
|March 28, 2020
Summary
Nutrient intake, particularly lower levels of essential vitamins and minerals, is linked to a higher risk of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) in Koreans, especially in women with low body mass index (BMI). Further research is needed to confirm these findings.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Nutritional Science
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide.
- Nutritional factors are increasingly recognized for their potential role in glaucoma pathogenesis.
- Understanding the relationship between diet and POAG in specific populations, like Koreans, is crucial for public health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between nutrient intake and the prevalence of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in the Korean population.
- To identify specific nutrients that may be correlated with POAG risk.
- To explore potential differences in these associations based on body mass index (BMI) and sex.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a population-based, cross-sectional study.
- Glaucoma diagnosis based on established International Society of Geographic and Epidemiologic Ophthalmology criteria.
- Multivariate regression and logistic regression analyses to assess correlations between dietary intake and POAG prevalence, stratified by BMI and sex.
Main Results:
- In females with low BMI (<18.5), POAG was significantly associated with lower intakes of energy, protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, vitamin A, B-carotene, thiamin, riboflavin, and vitamin C.
- In females with medium BMI (18.5–23), POAG was associated with lower intakes of food, energy, protein, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, thiamin, and niacin.
- In males with medium BMI, lower protein and thiamin intake was related to POAG.
Conclusions:
- Low dietary intake of several key nutrients is associated with an increased prevalence of primary open-angle glaucoma in Koreans, particularly in women with low BMI.
- These findings suggest that nutritional deficiencies may play a role in the development or progression of POAG.
- Further large-scale cohort studies are warranted to elucidate the specific mechanisms by which nutrients influence glaucoma risk.
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