Acute spontaneous suppurative thyroiditis caused by Eikenella corrodens presented with thyrotoxicosis

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Acute suppurative thyroiditis is a rare endocrine emergency.
• Thyrotoxicosis is an uncommon complication of acute suppurative thyroiditis.
• Spontaneous development of acute suppurative thyroiditis is exceptionally rare.

Observation:

• A 31-year-old male presented with neck pain, swelling, redness, fever, and palpitations.
• Physical examination revealed thyroid-region swelling, tenderness, tremor, tachycardia, and agitation.
• Biochemical tests indicated thyrotoxicosis and infection; radiological evaluation showed a heterogeneous left thyroid lesion.

Findings:

• Fine needle aspiration yielded purulent fluid.
• Eikenella corrodens was identified in culture.
• The patient received antibiotics, propranolol, steroids, and symptomatic treatment, recovering fully.

Implications:

• Acute suppurative thyroiditis can occur spontaneously with thyrotoxicosis, even without risk factors.
• This case underscores the importance of considering spontaneous acute suppurative thyroiditis in patients with thyrotoxic symptoms.
• Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing this life-threatening condition.