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School-Based Physical Therapy Services: Predicting the Gap Between Ideal and Actual Embedded Services.

Valerie D Clevenger1, Lynn M Jeffries, Susan K Effgen

  • 1Waunakee Community School District (Dr Clevenger), Waunakee, Wisconsin; Departments of Rehabilitation Sciences (Drs Jeffries and Dr Arnold) and Biostatistics and Epidemiology (Dr Chen), University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Rehabilitation Sciences (Dr Effgen), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.

Pediatric Physical Therapy : the Official Publication of the Section on Pediatrics of the American Physical Therapy Association
|March 29, 2020
PubMed
Summary

The gap between ideal and actual school-based physical therapy services is influenced by student disability, billing practices, contracts, and family preferences. Further research is needed for a comprehensive predictive model of actual practice.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Physical Therapy
  • Educational Psychology
  • Healthcare Administration

Background:

  • Embedding physical therapy services in schools is crucial for student development.
  • Understanding the gap between ideal and actual practice is essential for service improvement.
  • Factors influencing service delivery in school settings require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify variables that predict the discrepancy between ideal and actual implementation of school-based physical therapy.
  • To analyze the relationship between specific practice elements and the gap in service delivery.

Main Methods:

  • An online survey was administered to school-based physical therapists.
  • Participants estimated ideal and actual practice levels for embedded services.
  • Predictive modeling was employed to assess the influence of various factors.

Main Results:

  • The severity of student disability, billing procedures, existence of written contracts, and family preferences were significant predictors of the practice gap.
  • Regional variations, American Physical Therapy Association (APTA) membership, and Academy of Pediatric Physical Therapy membership correlated with actual practice.
  • A predictive model was developed, explaining variance in the ideal versus actual practice gap.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully modeled the gap between ideal and actual school-based physical therapy services.
  • Four key variables were identified as predictors of this gap.
  • Additional research is recommended to create a predictive model for actual practice, aiming to enhance school-based physical therapy.