Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

168
Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
168
Dementia01:30

Dementia

456
Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
456
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

141
Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
141
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

190
In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
190
Cognitive Development During Adulthood01:30

Cognitive Development During Adulthood

688
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
688
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

142
Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
142

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Relationship between new-onset falls and neuroimaging markers of Alzheimer's disease in the UK Biobank.

Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD·2026
Same author

Who Is Delirium Worse For?

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society·2026
Same author

Association Between ICD-Coded Delirium and Health Determinants in The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study.

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society·2026
Same author

Predictors of cognitive resilience in the old-old: An observational study using real-world electronic health record data.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
Same author

Bedside cognitive screening to detect dementia and predict poor outcomes in hospitals.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
Same author

Additional hospitalization costs associated with delirium among older adults: evidence from the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey.

Frontiers in public health·2026
Same journal

Cardiovascular Prevention in Older Adults: From Estimation to Treatment.

Clinics in geriatric medicine·2026
Same journal

Preventive Cardiology for the Clinically Complex Older Adult.

Clinics in geriatric medicine·2026
Same journal

A Preventive Neurology Perspective on Promoting Brain Health and Preventing Cardiovascular Disease.

Clinics in geriatric medicine·2026
Same journal

Secondary Prevention in Older Adults: Putting It All Together.

Clinics in geriatric medicine·2026
Same journal

Primary Prevention in Older Adults: Putting It All Together.

Clinics in geriatric medicine·2026
Same journal

Managing Bleeding Risk in Older Adults: Antithrombotics and Anticoagulants.

Clinics in geriatric medicine·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 25, 2025

Assessment of Dependence in Activities of Daily Living Among Older Patients in an Acute Care Unit
06:52

Assessment of Dependence in Activities of Daily Living Among Older Patients in an Acute Care Unit

Published on: September 30, 2020

10.4K

Delirium in the Elderly.

Tammy T Hshieh1, Sharon K Inouye2, Esther S Oh3

  • 1Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 1620 Tremont Street, One Brigham Circle, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02120, USA.

Clinics in Geriatric Medicine
|March 31, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Delirium, an acute disturbance in attention and cognition, significantly impacts patient morbidity and mortality. This review covers its epidemiology, diagnosis, pathophysiology, and emphasizes nonpharmacological interventions for prevention and treatment.

Keywords:
Cognitive declineDeliriumDelirium preventionDementiaNonpharmacological interventions

More Related Videos

A Machine Learning Approach to Design an Efficient Selective Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment
12:18

A Machine Learning Approach to Design an Efficient Selective Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: January 11, 2020

7.8K
Using a Real-Time Locating System to Measure Walking Activity Associated with Wandering Behaviors Among Institutionalized Older Adults
04:13

Using a Real-Time Locating System to Measure Walking Activity Associated with Wandering Behaviors Among Institutionalized Older Adults

Published on: February 8, 2019

7.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 25, 2025

Assessment of Dependence in Activities of Daily Living Among Older Patients in an Acute Care Unit
06:52

Assessment of Dependence in Activities of Daily Living Among Older Patients in an Acute Care Unit

Published on: September 30, 2020

10.4K
A Machine Learning Approach to Design an Efficient Selective Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment
12:18

A Machine Learning Approach to Design an Efficient Selective Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: January 11, 2020

7.8K
Using a Real-Time Locating System to Measure Walking Activity Associated with Wandering Behaviors Among Institutionalized Older Adults
04:13

Using a Real-Time Locating System to Measure Walking Activity Associated with Wandering Behaviors Among Institutionalized Older Adults

Published on: February 8, 2019

7.1K

Area of Science:

  • Geriatrics
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Delirium is an acute confusional state characterized by disturbances in attention and cognition.
  • It is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and prolonged hospital stays.
  • Understanding its epidemiology and risk factors is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of delirium.
  • To discuss current approaches to diagnosis, assessment, and workup.
  • To highlight recent advances in prevention and treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of delirium.
  • Discussion of predisposing and precipitating factors.
  • Emphasis on multicomponent, nonpharmacological interventions.

Main Results:

  • Delirium presents with acute changes in attention and cognition.
  • Predisposing factors (e.g., age, cognitive impairment) and precipitating factors (e.g., infection, medications) contribute to its development.
  • Multicomponent, nonpharmacological interventions show promise in prevention and treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Early recognition and management of delirium are essential.
  • A thorough understanding of underlying pathophysiology and risk factors guides clinical practice.
  • Nonpharmacological interventions represent a key advancement in delirium care.