Detection and sensing of hemoglobin using one-dimensional binary photonic crystals comprising a defect layer.

Area of Science:

• Biophotonics
• Nanotechnology
• Biosensing

Background:

• Hemoglobin detection is crucial for diagnosing various diseases.
• Photonic crystals offer unique optical properties for sensing applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a simple and efficient method for hemoglobin sensing using one-dimensional photonic crystals.
• To analyze the sensor's performance based on parameters like sensitivity, FOM, SNR, and resolution.

Main Methods:

• Hemoglobin was implemented as a defect layer within a one-dimensional photonic crystal structure.
• Resonant peak shifts within the bandgap were monitored as a function of hemoglobin concentration and refractive index.
• The influence of polarization mode and angle of incidence on sensor performance was investigated numerically.

Main Results:

• A significant dependence of resonant peaks on hemoglobin concentration and refractive index was observed.
• Optimized sensor performance yielded a sensitivity of 167 nm/RIU, FOM of 0.63 RIU⁻¹, SNR of 0.23, and resolution of 257 nm for TE polarization at 45° incidence.
• Polarization mode was found to significantly impact sensor performance.

Conclusions:

• The proposed one-dimensional photonic crystal sensor provides a viable method for sensitive hemoglobin detection.
• The sensor's performance can be optimized by controlling parameters such as polarization and angle of incidence.
• This approach holds promise for developing advanced diagnostic tools for disease detection.