Plasmonically induced transparency in in-plane isotropic and anisotropic 2D materials

Area of Science:

• * Optoelectronics and Nanophotonics
• * Materials Science of 2D Materials

Background:

• * Existing plasmonically induced transparency (PIT) systems based on 2D materials are limited to isotropic graphene and unidirectional bright-dark mode interactions.
• * Extending PIT devices to anisotropic 2D films presents significant challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

• * To develop dynamically tunable PIT in both isotropic and anisotropic 2D materials.
• * To overcome the limitations of unidirectional bright-dark mode interactions in current PIT systems.

Main Methods:

• * Utilizing surface plasmons excited at two crossed grating layers, formed by dielectric gratings or the 2D sheet itself.
• * Investigating isotropic graphene and anisotropic black phosphorus (BP) as proof-of-concept materials.
• * Analyzing PIT mechanisms through unidirectional bright-dark and bidirectional bright-bright/bright-dark mode couplings based on polarization.

Main Results:

• * Achieved dynamically tunable PIT in both isotropic and anisotropic 2D materials using crossed gratings.
• * Demonstrated polarization-independent single-window PIT with identical grating parameters and polarization-sensitive double-window PIT with different parameters.
• * Validated theoretical and numerical results using a two-particle model, showing excellent agreement.

Conclusions:

• * The proposed crossed grating technique enables versatile and tunable PIT in various 2D materials.
• * This work provides fundamental insights into PIT mechanisms in 2D material systems.
• * Advances the applicability and versatility of 2D material-based PIT devices for future optoelectronic applications.