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Bead Based Multiplex Assay for Analysis of Tear Cytokine Profiles
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Contact lens-based lysozyme detection in tear using a mobile sensor.

Zachary Ballard1, Sarah Bazargan, Diane Jung

  • 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, USA. ozcan@ucla.edu.

Lab on a Chip
|April 1, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Contact lenses (CLs) can collect tear fluid for lysozyme analysis using a portable reader. This method detected physiological differences, including lower lysozyme in dry eye disease patients and increased levels with digital eye strain.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomarker detection
  • Ophthalmology
  • Point-of-care diagnostics

Background:

  • Tear fluid analysis offers insights into ocular health.
  • Current methods can be invasive or require specialized equipment.
  • Developing non-invasive, portable tear analysis is crucial for widespread diagnostics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a method for sensing tear fluid analytes using commercial contact lenses (CLs) as sample collectors.
  • To quantify lysozyme, a key protein in tear fluid, using a cost-effective, field-portable reader.
  • To assess physiological differences in tear lysozyme levels in healthy individuals and patients with dry eye disease (DED).

Main Methods:

  • Commercial CLs were used as passive samplers for tear fluid.
  • A mobile reader employing time-lapse imaging quantified fluorescent signals to infer lysozyme concentration.
  • Lysozyme levels were monitored in healthy participants over two weeks and compared to a DED cohort.

Main Results:

  • The study identified optimal CL materials for tear sampling and lysozyme assay.
  • Lysozyme levels increased in healthy CL wearers experiencing digital eye strain (from 6.89 to 10.72 μg mL⁻¹).
  • Patients with DED exhibited lower mean lysozyme concentrations (2.43 μg mL⁻¹) compared to healthy participants (6.89 μg mL⁻¹).

Conclusions:

  • This study demonstrates a simple, non-invasive method for tear fluid analysis using CLs and a portable reader.
  • The system is rapid, easy-to-use, and cost-effective, indicating physiological differences.
  • This approach holds potential for future tear biomarker studies, diagnostics, and personalized mobile-health applications.