Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Vertebral Column: Regions and Curvature01:16

Vertebral Column: Regions and Curvature

5.7K
The vertebral column or spine is a flexible column that supports the head, neck, and body and  allows for their movements. It also protects the spinal cord.
Regions of the Vertebral Column
In an adult, the spine is subdivided into five regions: the cervical, the thoracic, the lumbar, the sacral, and the coccygeal region. The spine initially develops as a series of 33 vertebrae; after 20 years of age, the nine bones in the sacral region, five sacral, and four coccygeal bones fuse to form...
5.7K
Anatomical Positions01:11

Anatomical Positions

18.0K
In anatomy, several standard anatomical positions are used as references for describing the position and orientation of different body parts. These positions help provide a common frame of reference when discussing anatomical structures. The anatomical position is the standard reference point for describing the body's position and orientation. In this position:
The body is upright, facing forward, and standing erect.
The feet are parallel and flat on the floor.
The arms are hanging by the...
18.0K
General Structure of a Vertebra01:30

General Structure of a Vertebra

5.7K
A typical vertebra, with the exception of the sacrum and coccyx, consists of a body, a vertebral arch, and seven different projections termed processes. The anterior portion of the vertebrae, the body, supports about half the body’s weight. The vertebral bodies progressively increase in size and thickness from the cervical region to the lumbar region of the vertebral column. The intervertebral discs present between the bodies of adjacent vertebrae firmly unites them, forming a continuous...
5.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The Immediate Impact of Hemodialysis on Gait Metrics.

The Israel Medical Association journal : IMAJ·2026
Same author

The Suspected Cauda Equina Syndrome Score (SuCESS) : development and validation of a clinical triage tool.

The bone & joint journal·2026
Same author

The Impact of a Geriatric Nurse Practitioner on Proximal Femoral Fracture Mortality in the Elderly.

Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews·2025
Same author

Efficacy of a Computerized Therapeutic Decision-Making Algorithm in a Fracture Liaison Service Targeting Hip Fracture Patients.

Journal of clinical medicine·2025
Same author

Is there a learning curve preforming balloon kyphoplasty?

European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society·2025
Same author

The Association Between Female Breast Size, Backache, and Quality of Life in Young Women: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 25, 2025

Three-dimensional Navigation-guided, Prone, Single-position, Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion Technique
08:38

Three-dimensional Navigation-guided, Prone, Single-position, Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion Technique

Published on: July 15, 2021

3.7K

Essential lordosis revisited.

Oded Hershkovich1, Areena D'Souza1, Paul R P Rushton1

  • 1Centre for Spinal Studies and Surgery, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK.

The Bone & Joint Journal
|April 2, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Significant coronal correction in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis surgery increases the risk of thoracic hypokyphosis. This finding highlights the importance of sagittal plane balance to prevent spinal degeneration and proximal junctional failure (PJF).

Keywords:
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosisEssential lordosisHypokyphosisPosterior surgery

More Related Videos

Evaluation of Patients' Posture and Gait Profile After Lumbar Fusion Surgery by Video Rasterstereography and Treadmill Gait Analysis
07:44

Evaluation of Patients' Posture and Gait Profile After Lumbar Fusion Surgery by Video Rasterstereography and Treadmill Gait Analysis

Published on: March 23, 2019

18.7K
C-arm-Free Simultaneous OLIF51 and Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Fixation in a Single Lateral Position
12:25

C-arm-Free Simultaneous OLIF51 and Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Fixation in a Single Lateral Position

Published on: September 16, 2022

4.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 25, 2025

Three-dimensional Navigation-guided, Prone, Single-position, Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion Technique
08:38

Three-dimensional Navigation-guided, Prone, Single-position, Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion Technique

Published on: July 15, 2021

3.7K
Evaluation of Patients' Posture and Gait Profile After Lumbar Fusion Surgery by Video Rasterstereography and Treadmill Gait Analysis
07:44

Evaluation of Patients' Posture and Gait Profile After Lumbar Fusion Surgery by Video Rasterstereography and Treadmill Gait Analysis

Published on: March 23, 2019

18.7K
C-arm-Free Simultaneous OLIF51 and Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Fixation in a Single Lateral Position
12:25

C-arm-Free Simultaneous OLIF51 and Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Fixation in a Single Lateral Position

Published on: September 16, 2022

4.4K

Area of Science:

  • Spine surgery
  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Pediatric orthopedics

Background:

  • Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) correction via posterior approach can lead to hypokyphosis.
  • Hypokyphosis is linked to proximal junctional failure (PJF) and spinal degeneration.
  • Factors influencing hypokyphosis include curve magnitude, fusion levels, and instrumentation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if coronal plane correction itself is the primary driver of postoperative hypokyphosis in AIS.
  • To investigate the association between the degree of coronal correction and the development of sagittal plane hypokyphosis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 95 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients (median age 14 years).
  • Pre- and postoperative radiographs were analyzed for coronal and sagittal alignment.
  • Patients were grouped based on thoracic correction percentage (≥ 60% vs. < 60%) and analyzed using logistic regression.

Main Results:

  • A thoracic correction of ≥ 60% was associated with a four-fold increased likelihood of developing postoperative thoracic hypokyphosis (OR 4.08, p=0.005).
  • This association remained significant after adjusting for metal density, thoracic flexibility, UIV/LIV levels, age, and sex.
  • Preoperative hypokyphosis was present in 25.3% of patients.

Conclusions:

  • Greater coronal correction in AIS surgery is a significant risk factor for developing thoracic hypokyphosis.
  • This supports the 'essential lordosis' hypothesis, suggesting mechanical changes in the anterior column.
  • Maintaining sagittal balance is crucial to mitigate risks like PJF and early spinal degeneration.