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Hypertension in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a pooled analysis

Giuseppe Lippi1, Johnny Wong2, Brandon M Henry3

  • 1Section of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Verona, Italy. giuseppe.lippi@univr.it

Polish Archives of Internal Medicine
|April 2, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Hypertension significantly increases the risk of severe or fatal coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This meta-analysis found a 2.5-fold higher risk, particularly in older individuals with COVID-19.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Identifying clinical predictors for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is crucial for risk stratification.
  • Hypertension is a common comorbidity, but its association with COVID-19 severity requires further clarification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between hypertension and severe or fatal outcomes in patients with COVID-19.

Main Methods:

  • A meta-analysis was conducted using data from Scopus, Medline, and Web of Science.
  • Studies reporting hypertension rates in severe/non-severe COVID-19 or survivor/non-survivor groups were included.
  • Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.

Main Results:

  • Hypertension was associated with a 2.49-fold increased risk of severe COVID-19 (95% CI, 1.98-3.12).
  • A 2.42-fold higher mortality risk was observed in hypertensive patients (95% CI, 1.51-3.90).
  • Meta-regression indicated a correlation between older age and increased hypertension risk in severe COVID-19.

Conclusions:

  • Hypertension is linked to a significantly higher risk of severe or fatal COVID-19.
  • The increased risk associated with hypertension is more pronounced in older individuals.
  • These findings support the importance of managing hypertension for better COVID-19 outcomes.
Abstract

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