[Femoral neck fracture]

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic Surgery
• Traumatology
• Geriatric Medicine

Background:

• Femoral neck fractures are a significant concern in traumatology, ranking as the third most common fracture type.
• Diagnosis relies on clinical assessment and radiographic imaging of the pelvis and hip.
• Treatment strategies are individualized based on fracture characteristics and patient factors.

Purpose of the Study:

• To outline the diagnostic criteria for femoral neck fractures.
• To detail the treatment decision-making process for femoral neck fractures.
• To emphasize the importance of multidisciplinary care in managing these fractures, particularly in the elderly.

Main Methods:

• Clinical evaluation and radiographic assessment (pelvis and hip X-rays).
• Classification of fractures based on displacement (coxa vara, coxa valga) and patient-specific factors (age, autonomy, comorbidities).
• Surgical intervention selection: arthroplasty versus osteosynthesis.

Main Results:

• Arthroplasty is favored for displaced coxa vara fractures in elderly patients.
• Osteosynthesis is indicated for non-displaced or coxa valga fractures, and in younger patients.
• Multidisciplinary management, including geriatricians, is crucial for optimal outcomes in the elderly.

Conclusions:

• Tailored treatment of femoral neck fractures is essential for functional recovery.
• Surgical expertise and integrated geriatric care are paramount for elderly patients.
• The primary goal in elderly patients is rapid return to mobility and independence while preventing medical complications.