Acoustic metamaterial capsule for reduction of stage machinery noise

Noise mitigation of stage machinery can be quite demanding and requires innovative solutions. In this work, an acoustic metamaterial capsule is proposed to reduce the noise emission of several stage machinery drive trains, while still allowing the ventilation required for cooling. The metamaterial capsule consists of c-shape meta-atoms, which have a simple structure that facilitates manufacturing. Two different metamaterial capsules are designed, simulated, manufactured, and experimentally validated that utilize an ultra-sparse and air-permeable reflective meta-grating. Both designs demonstrate transmission loss peaks that effectively suppress gear mesh noise or other narrow band noise sources. The ventilation by natural convection was numerically verified, and was shown to give adequate cooling, whereas a conventional sound capsule would lead to overheating. The noise spectra of three common stage machinery drive trains are numerically modelled, enabling one to design meta-gratings and determine their noise suppression performance. The results fulfill the stringent stage machinery noise limits, highlighting the benefit of using metamaterial capsules of simple c-shape structure.