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Association Between Breastfeeding and Ovarian Cancer Risk.

Ana Babic1,2, Naoko Sasamoto1, Bernard A Rosner3,4

  • 1Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

JAMA Oncology
|April 3, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Breastfeeding significantly lowers the risk of ovarian cancer, particularly the aggressive high-grade serous type. This suggests breastfeeding is a key modifiable factor for reducing ovarian cancer incidence, independent of pregnancy.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive epidemiology
  • Gynecologic oncology

Background:

  • Previous studies show inconsistent associations between breastfeeding and epithelial ovarian cancer risk.
  • It remains unclear if breastfeeding offers protection beyond pregnancy or varies by ovarian cancer histotype.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between breastfeeding (ever/never, duration, timing) and ovarian cancer risk.
  • To examine these associations stratified by ovarian cancer histotype.

Main Methods:

  • Pooled analysis of 13 case-control studies from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium.
  • Included 9973 ovarian cancer cases and 13,843 controls.
  • Used multivariable and polytomous logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Main Results:

  • Breastfeeding was associated with a 24% reduced risk of invasive ovarian cancer (OR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.71-0.80).
  • Protection was observed for high-grade serous and endometrioid ovarian cancers.
  • Longer breastfeeding duration (≥12 months) showed greater risk reduction (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.58-0.75).

Conclusions:

  • Breastfeeding is linked to a significant reduction in overall ovarian cancer risk and specifically for the high-grade serous subtype.
  • Breastfeeding may be a modifiable factor that lowers ovarian cancer risk independently of parity.