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Histoid leprosy: a prospective diagnostic study in 38 patients
1Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.
Dermatologica
|January 1, 1988
Summary
Histoid leprosy, a multibacillary form, presents as papules and nodules in younger males with irregular treatment. Diagnosis relies on identifying numerous bacilli in lesions, distinct from surrounding skin.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
Background:
- Histoid leprosy is a rare manifestation of multibacillary leprosy, accounting for 3.6% of cases.
- It predominantly affects younger males, often linked to inadequate treatment with diaminodiphenyl sulfone (DDS).
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the clinical and histopathological features of histoid leprosy.
- To highlight diagnostic markers for histoid leprosy.
Main Methods:
- Clinical observation of patients with histoid leprosy.
- Dermatopathological examination of skin lesions, including H&E staining.
- Microscopic analysis of bacilli in skin smears and lesions.
Main Results:
- Key clinical features include papules, cutaneous/subcutaneous nodules, and plaques on seemingly normal skin.
- Lesions consistently show abundant, uniformly solid-staining bacilli, unlike surrounding skin.
- Histopathology reveals encapsulated tumorous masses of spindle-shaped histiocytes in various arrangements.
Conclusions:
- Histoid leprosy has distinct clinical and histopathological characteristics.
- The presence of numerous bacilli within lesions is a crucial diagnostic indicator.
- Morphology of acid-fast bacilli in lesions is similar to skin-slit smears.