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Tomato SD1, encoding a kinase-interacting protein, is a major locus controlling stem development.

Jie Ye1,2, Ranwen Tian1, Xiangfei Meng1

  • 1The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.

Journal of Experimental Botany
|April 7, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers identified a gene, SD1, that regulates tomato stem diameter (SD) and fruit size. This discovery offers insights into tomato breeding for improved crop yield.

Keywords:
Domestication and improvementGWASindelkinase-interacting family proteinstem diametertomato

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Genetics
  • Crop Science

Background:

  • Stem development is crucial for plant structure, nutrient transport, and yield, but its regulation in crops is understudied.
  • Stem diameter (SD) is correlated with fruit size in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify genetic factors regulating stem diameter in tomato.
  • To understand the molecular mechanisms controlling stem development and its impact on fruit yield.

Main Methods:

  • Genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs).
  • Gene cloning and functional analysis (overexpression and RNA interference).
  • Microscopic analysis of stem tissues.
  • Analysis of promoter regions and gene expression.
  • Evolutionary analysis of gene alleles.

Main Results:

  • A novel QTL, SDR9, was identified and co-localized with a kinase-interacting family protein gene (SD1).
  • SD1 positively regulates stem diameter by influencing secondary phloem cell size and number.
  • An 11-bp indel in the SD1 promoter affects gibberellin response and is linked to stem diameter variation.
  • The thick-stem allele of SD1 was selected during tomato domestication.

Conclusions:

  • SD1 is a key regulator of tomato stem diameter and influences fruit size.
  • Genetic variation in SD1 contributes to natural variation in stem diameter.
  • Understanding SD1 can accelerate breeding programs for high-yield tomato varieties.