Size-selective molecular recognition based on a confined DNA molecular sieve using cavity-tunable framework nucleic...

Area of Science:

• Biotechnology
• Molecular Biology
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Size selectivity is crucial for molecular recognition, but designing artificial systems for biological targets in living cells is difficult.
• Existing biosensing methods often lack specificity due to challenges in distinguishing molecules based on size within complex cellular environments.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a DNA molecular sieve for size-selective molecular recognition in living cells.
• To enhance biosensing selectivity and probe protection using a novel framework nucleic acid system.

Main Methods:

• Construction of a DNA molecular sieve using framework nucleic acid to encapsulate functional nucleic acid probes.
• Utilizing the sieve's size-dependent permeability for selective molecular entry and recognition.
• Testing the system's ability to discriminate between mature and precursor microRNA in living cells.

Main Results:

• The DNA molecular sieve effectively allows small molecules access while blocking larger ones.
• Probes encapsulated within the sieve are protected from nuclease degradation and nonspecific protein binding.
• Successful size-selective discrimination between mature and precursor microRNA was achieved in living cells.

Conclusions:

• The DNA molecular sieve offers a simple, general, and controllable method for size-selective molecular recognition.
• This approach significantly improves biosensing selectivity in living cells.
• The system holds potential for applications in biomedical studies and clinical diagnostics.