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A Doxorubicin-Induced Murine Model of Dilated Cardiomyopathy In Vivo
Published on: May 16, 2020
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Cardiotoxicity of Anthracyclines.
Daniela Cardinale1, Fabiani Iacopo1, Carlo Maria Cipolla2
1Cardioncology Unit, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
|April 8, 2020
Summary
Anthracycline cardiotoxicity, a serious side effect impacting cancer patient survival, can be detected early. Biomarkers like troponins and ACE inhibitors can prevent heart failure and improve outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Oncology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Anthracyclines are vital chemotherapy drugs but can cause cardiotoxicity, limiting their use.
- This cardiotoxicity affects patient quality of life and survival, irrespective of cancer prognosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity.
- To discuss prevention, diagnosis, and treatment strategies, including early detection and novel approaches.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on anthracycline cardiotoxicity.
- Analysis of diagnostic criteria, risk factors, and proposed mechanisms.
- Evaluation of preventative and therapeutic interventions.
Main Results:
- Anthracycline cardiotoxicity is a progressive phenomenon starting with myocardial injury, potentially leading to heart failure.
- Early detection via biomarkers (e.g., troponins) and intervention with ACE inhibitors can prevent left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) decline.
- Prompt treatment of detected cardiac dysfunction can lead to partial or complete LVEF recovery.
Conclusions:
- Anthracycline cardiotoxicity is a continuous process manageable with early detection and intervention.
- Biomarker monitoring and specific therapies are crucial for preserving cardiac function in patients receiving anthracyclines.
- Further research is needed for improved classification and early detection methods.
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