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Related Concept Videos

Ethics in Research01:56

Ethics in Research

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Today, scientists agree that good research is ethical in nature and is guided by a basic respect for human dignity and safety. However, this has not always been the case. Modern researchers must demonstrate that the research they perform is ethically sound.
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The most basic experimental design involves two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The two groups are designed to be the same except for one difference— experimental manipulation. The experimental group gets the experimental manipulation—that is, the treatment or variable being tested—and the control group does not. Since experimental manipulation is the only difference between the experimental and control groups, we can be sure that any differences between...
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Milgram's Obedience to Authority02:20

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Obedience to authority is classically demonstrated in a more famous series of social psychology experiments performed by Stanley Milgram. He was a social psychology professor at Yale who was influenced by the trial of Adolf Eichmann, a Nazi war criminal. Eichmann’s defense for the atrocities he committed was that he was “just following orders.”
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Naturalistic Observations02:30

Naturalistic Observations

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If you want to understand how behavior occurs, one of the best ways to gain information is to simply observe the behavior in its natural context. However, people might change their behavior in unexpected ways if they know they are being observed. How do researchers obtain accurate information when people tend to hide their natural behavior? As an example, imagine that your professor asks everyone in your class to raise their hand if they always wash their hands after using the restroom. Chances...
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Archival Research01:40

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Some researchers gain access to large amounts of data without interacting with a single research participant. Instead, they use existing records to answer various research questions. This type of research approach is known as archival research. Archival research relies on looking at past records or data sets to look for interesting patterns or relationships. For example, a researcher might access the academic records of all individuals who enrolled in college within the past ten years and...
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The Scientific Method

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Research is what makes the difference between facts and opinions. Facts are observable realities, and opinions are personal judgments, conclusions, or attitudes that may or may not be accurate. In the scientific community, facts can be established only using evidence collected through empirical research.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 24, 2025

The Resident-intruder Paradigm: A Standardized Test for Aggression, Violence and Social Stress
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Published on: July 4, 2013

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Methodological and ethical challenges in violence research.

Sílvia Fraga1

  • 1EPIUnit - Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.

Porto Biomedical Journal
|April 8, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Researching violence presents unique public health challenges. This paper addresses key methodological and ethical hurdles in identifying and measuring violence in the general population.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Sociology
  • Criminology

Background:

  • Violence is a significant public health concern.
  • Researching violence involves unique sensitivities and complexities.
  • Accurate identification and measurement of violence in populations are critical.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss methodological challenges in violence research.
  • To raise awareness of ethical considerations in studying violence.
  • To highlight difficulties in measuring violence occurrence.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing violence research methodologies.
  • Analysis of ethical frameworks applicable to sensitive research topics.
  • Discussion of challenges in population-based violence assessment.

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Last Updated: Dec 24, 2025

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Main Results:

  • Identification of significant methodological barriers in violence measurement.
  • Recognition of ethical dilemmas in data collection and participant protection.
  • Emphasis on the need for robust research designs for violence studies.

Conclusions:

  • Addressing methodological and ethical challenges is crucial for advancing violence research.
  • Improved strategies are needed to accurately measure violence in communities.
  • Enhanced awareness can lead to more effective public health interventions for violence prevention.