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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 24, 2025

Three-Dimensional Phase Resolved Functional Lung Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Three-Dimensional Phase Resolved Functional Lung Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: June 21, 2024

Real-time volumetric MR thermometry using 3D echo-shifted sequence under an open source reconstruction platform.

Rui Jiang¹, Sen Jia¹, Yangzi Qiao²

¹Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

|April 8, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents real-time 3D MR thermometry for monitoring high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatments. The developed method achieves accurate temperature monitoring in vivo using accelerated imaging and open-source reconstruction.

Keywords:

Gadgetron MR temperature imaging Parallel imaging

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Area of Science:

Medical Imaging
Biophysics
Ultrasound Technology

Background:

High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) requires precise temperature monitoring for effective and safe treatment.
Current MR thermometry methods may lack the speed and spatial resolution needed for real-time HIFU guidance.

Purpose of the Study:

To implement and validate a real-time 3D MR thermometry technique for monitoring HIFU procedures.
To enhance temperature sensitivity and acquisition speed using advanced MR imaging techniques.

Main Methods:

Developed a 3D echo-shifted sequence with a short repetition time (TR) for improved temperature sensitivity.
Accelerated volumetric imaging using CAIPIRINHA (controlled aliasing in volumetric parallel imaging) in two phase-encoding directions.
Utilized the open-source Gadgetron platform for rapid image reconstruction.

Main Results:

Phantom experiments demonstrated volumetric MR thermometry comparable to fiber optic thermometers.
In vivo rabbit thigh experiments showed temperature errors below 0.65°C even with 4x acceleration.
Achieved real-time 3D thermometry with ~3s temporal resolution and 2x2x5 mm³ spatial resolution.

Conclusions:

Real-time 3D MR thermometry was successfully implemented for HIFU monitoring.
The use of parallel imaging acceleration and Gadgetron reconstruction enabled efficient in vivo temperature tracking.