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Related Concept Videos

Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

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Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
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Intermolecular Forces03:13

Intermolecular Forces

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Atoms and molecules interact through bonds (or forces): intramolecular and intermolecular. The forces are electrostatic as they arise from interactions (attractive or repulsive) between charged species (permanent, partial, or temporary charges) and exist with varying strengths between ions, polar, nonpolar, and neutral molecules. The different types of intermolecular forces are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion; among these, dipole–dipole, hydrogen...
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Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

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Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
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Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

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Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
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Formation of Complex Ions03:45

Formation of Complex Ions

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A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
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Aqueous Solutions and Heats of Hydration02:42

Aqueous Solutions and Heats of Hydration

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Water and other polar molecules are attracted to ions. The electrostatic attraction between an ion and a molecule with a dipole is called an ion-dipole attraction. These attractions play an important role in the dissolution of ionic compounds in water.
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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications

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Mobile Ions in Composite Solids.

Zheyi Zou1, Yajie Li1, Ziheng Lu2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.

Chemical Reviews
|April 9, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Composite solid electrolytes (CSEs) enhance ion conduction for solid-state batteries (SSBs) and other electrochemical devices. Understanding interfacial chemistry and ion transport mechanisms is key to designing high-performance CSEs.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Solid-state ionics

Background:

  • Solid electrolytes (SEs) are crucial for electrochemical systems like solid-state batteries (SSBs), solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), and gas sensors.
  • Composite solid electrolytes (CSEs) offer superior performance over single-phase materials due to unique interfacial properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of composite solid electrolytes (CSEs) for solid-state batteries (SSBs).
  • To examine the physiochemical properties and ion transport mechanisms in CSEs.
  • To discuss strategies for designing novel CSEs with enhanced properties.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on CSEs.
  • Analysis of defect chemistry and interfacial reactions influencing ionic conductivity.
  • Critical review of models for ion transport in composite materials.
  • Summary of characterization techniques for probing ion transport kinetics.

Main Results:

  • Enhanced ionic conductivity in CSEs arises from defect chemistry and interfacial reactions.
  • Interfacial phenomena significantly influence ion transport mechanisms.
  • Properties like mechanical strength and electrochemical stability are critical for practical applications.

Conclusions:

  • CSEs present a promising pathway for developing advanced solid electrolytes.
  • Understanding interfacial engineering and ion transport is vital for optimizing CSE performance.
  • Further research into characterization and design strategies will accelerate the development of CSEs for lithium metal batteries and beyond.