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Related Concept Videos

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

297
Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
297
Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction

252
IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
252
Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

290
Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
290
Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

154
Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
154
Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

182
Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...
182
Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

242
Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a valvular heart disorder in which the mitral valve fails to close tightly, allowing blood to leak backward into the heart. Understanding the clinical manifestations, assessment, diagnostic findings, and medical management of MR is crucial to effectively managing affected patients.Clinical Manifestations of Mitral RegurgitationMitral regurgitation can be acute or chronic, each presenting differently and requiring different approaches:1. Acute Mitral...
242

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Updated: Dec 24, 2025

Cox-Maze IV Procedure Concomitant with Valvular Surgery In Situs Inversus Dextrocardia: A Single-Center Experience in China
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Congenital Supravalvar Mitral Ring - A Case Report.

Raquel Reis Soares1, Leonardo Ferber1, Matheus Ferber1,2

  • 1Biocor Instituto Department of Anesthesiology Nova Lima MG Brazil Department of Anesthesiology, Biocor Instituto, Nova Lima, MG, Brazil.

Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery
|April 10, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Congenital mitral valve stenosis, a rare heart defect, requires timely intervention. Early surgical repair of a supravalvar mitral ring and ventricular septal defect in a child led to successful clinical outcomes, avoiding valve replacement.

Keywords:
Congenital. Systole. Arteries. Mitral Valve Stenosis. Blood Pressure. PrognosisMitral Valve Stenosis. Heart Defects

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Fully Endoscopic Mitral Valve Repair with Percutaneous Cannulation of Groin Vessels
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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pediatric Cardiac Surgery
  • Congenital Heart Disease

Background:

  • Congenital mitral valve stenosis is a rare and severe condition often accompanying other cardiac anomalies.
  • Intervention strategies focus on managing valvular obstruction to delay or prevent valve replacement, which carries high morbidity and mortality.
  • Early single-stage complete repair is linked to improved patient prognosis.

Observation:

  • A 20-month-old child presented with supravalvar mitral ring and a ventricular septal defect.
  • Pre-operative pulmonary arterial systolic pressure was significantly elevated at 79 mmHg.
  • The patient had a complex congenital heart defect requiring surgical correction.

Findings:

  • The child underwent successful surgical repair addressing both the supravalvar mitral ring and the ventricular septal defect.
  • The surgical intervention aimed for a complete, single-stage repair.
  • Post-operative results demonstrated good clinical resolution.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the feasibility and success of early surgical correction for complex congenital mitral valve stenosis.
  • Timely intervention can lead to favorable outcomes in pediatric patients with combined cardiac defects.
  • Avoiding or delaying valve replacement through effective surgical repair is crucial in managing congenital heart disease.