Enhanced bone mineralization using hydroxyapatite-based ceramic bone substitute incorporating Withania somnifera...

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Regenerative Medicine
• Orthopedic Research

Background:

• Withania somnifera (ashwagandha) is a traditional Indian herb with known health benefits.
• Withaferin-A, a key component of ashwagandha, demonstrates potential in enhancing bone mineralization through proteasome inhibition.
• Calcium phosphate-based hydroxyapatite is a common bone filler material.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and evaluate a novel hydroxyapatite bone filler.
• To incorporate ashwagandha extract using chitosan microparticles for controlled release of bioactive compounds.
• To assess the impact of this composite on bone regeneration and biocompatibility.

Main Methods:

• Chitosan microparticles blended with methanolic ashwagandha root extract were used as a porogen in hydroxyapatite bone filler.
• Optimization of microparticle percentages to maintain filler properties (setting time, mechanical strength, degradability).
• In vitro evaluation of cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of pre-osteoblasts on the composite material.

Main Results:

• Controlled release of bioactive molecules from the composite promoted pre-osteoblast proliferation and differentiation.
• The optimized microparticle percentages minimally affected the physical and mechanical properties of the hydroxyapatite filler.
• In vitro studies confirmed the biocompatibility of the ashwagandha-impregnated calcium phosphate filler.

Conclusions:

• Methanolic extract-blended chitosan microparticle-impregnated calcium phosphate filler shows promise for enhanced bone regeneration.
• The composite material supports osteoblast activity and demonstrates good biocompatibility.
• This study provides a preliminary rationale for using this innovative bone filler in orthopedic applications.