[Sleep-disordered Breathing]

Sleep disordered breathing disorders in children are of a high clinical relevance. They do not only affect a large proportion of the children's lives in terms of time but they impact on the thriving, cardiovascular function and cognitive development. Different developmental factors have to be considered in the interpretation of sleep studies in children. Adeno-tonsillar hypertrophy is the most frequent reason for paediatric sleep disordered breathing, however the spectrum of aetiologies is very large. Syndromic cranio facial malformations and metabolic disorders are often associated with a very high risk of relevant sleep disordered breathing. Correct and child-oriented diagnostics are essential to enable adequate therapy.