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Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers

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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
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Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
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Regulation of the Cardiovascular System01:27

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Author Spotlight: Integrated Multi-Omics Analysis for Unveiling Multicellular Immune Signatures in Clinical Heart Attack Cohorts
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Online Databases and Non-coding RNAs in Cardiovascular Diseases.

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Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
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Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play crucial roles in gene regulation and are implicated in cardiovascular disease pathogenesis. This chapter explores ncRNA functions and databases for cardiovascular research.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Cardiovascular diseases exhibit high morbidity and mortality.
  • Gene expression dysregulation is a key pathological basis for cardiovascular diseases.
  • Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are functional RNA molecules involved in various cellular processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the biological functions of ncRNAs.
  • To review the advancements of ncRNAs in cardiovascular disease research.
  • To summarize commonly used ncRNA databases for research.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of ncRNA functions in gene regulation.
  • Exploration of ncRNA involvement in cardiovascular disease pathogenesis.
  • Compilation and description of accessible ncRNA databases.

Main Results:

  • ncRNAs regulate crucial cellular processes including transcription, RNA maturation, translation, and protein degradation.
  • ncRNAs are increasingly recognized for their significant roles in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases.
  • Numerous ncRNA databases are now available to facilitate research.

Conclusions:

  • ncRNAs are vital regulators of gene expression with significant implications for cardiovascular health.
  • Understanding ncRNA functions and utilizing available databases can advance cardiovascular disease research and treatment strategies.