Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 24, 2025
05:53
Use of In vivo Imaging to Monitor the Progression of Experimental Mouse Cytomegalovirus Infection in Neonates
Published on: July 6, 2013
15.4K
Contagious agalactia: costs and control revisited
Summary
Contagious agalactia (CA) causes significant, underestimated economic losses in small ruminant dairy farming. Improved control strategies and revised veterinary legislation are crucial for managing this disease effectively.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Animal Science
- Agricultural Economics
Background:
- Contagious agalactia (CA) is a significant disease affecting small ruminant dairy production.
- Economic impacts of CA, including mortality, reduced milk yield, and welfare issues, are not fully quantified.
- Current control measures and their effectiveness vary across different regions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To estimate the economic costs of contagious agalactia in southern European small ruminant dairy industries.
- To describe and evaluate current disease control strategies in selected European countries.
- To provide recommendations for improved CA outbreak management and policy.
Main Methods:
- Financial impact assessment in Italian small- and large-scale farming systems.
- Review of existing control strategies (chemotherapy, vaccination) in Europe.
- Analysis of veterinary legislation and its influence on disease reporting and control.
Main Results:
- Economic losses due to CA are substantial and underestimated in southern Europe.
- Veterinary legislation in some countries hinders accurate outbreak notification and timely control.
- New EU legislation may reduce the focus and funding for CA research.
Conclusions:
- Contagious agalactia poses a high economic burden on the small ruminant sector.
- Stricter veterinary regulations and potential downgrading of CA by EU legislation require attention.
- Effective management necessitates updated recommendations for notification, diagnostics, treatment, and disinfection.
Related Concept Videos
01:22Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures
3.5K
Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
3.5K
01:20Infection
11.5K
When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
11.5K
01:17Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets
4.4K
Transmission-based precautions are for patients known to be infected or suspected to be infected or colonized with organisms that pose a significant risk to others. Some transmission-based precautions include contact, enteric, and droplet.
Contact Precautions:
Contact precautions are the measures taken to prevent the transmission of infectious agents, especially epidemiologically important microorganisms such as MRSA or influenza, primarily transmitted through direct or indirect contact with an...
Contact Precautions:
Contact precautions are the measures taken to prevent the transmission of infectious agents, especially epidemiologically important microorganisms such as MRSA or influenza, primarily transmitted through direct or indirect contact with an...
4.4K
01:23Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches
335
Biopharmaceutical studies constitute a vital field aiming to enhance drug delivery methods and refine therapeutic approaches, drawing upon diverse interdisciplinary knowledge. In research methodologies, the choice between controlled and non-controlled studies significantly influences the study's reliability and accuracy.
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
335
01:26Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection
13.1K
The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
13.1K
01:15Transcytosis of IgG
3.9K
Transcytosis is the process in which molecules are internalized by endocytosis, transported across the cell, and released through exocytosis from the opposite end of the cell. Molecules such as insulin, immunoglobulins, and certain nutrients are transferred through the recycling endosomes by recycling and transcytosis.
IgG molecules from a mother undergo transcytosis starting around 13 weeks of gestation. The amount of IgG transferred and entering the fetal blood circulation increases with...
IgG molecules from a mother undergo transcytosis starting around 13 weeks of gestation. The amount of IgG transferred and entering the fetal blood circulation increases with...
3.9K