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DNA Aptamers to Thrombin Exosite I. Structure-Function Relationships and Antithrombotic Effects.

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Exploring Sequence Space to Identify Binding Sites for Regulatory RNA-Binding Proteins
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Molecular recognition elements: DNA/RNA-aptamers to proteins.

V A Spiridonova1

  • 1A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physical and Chemical Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vorobievy Gory, 1, bld. 40, Moscow, 119992 Russia.

Biochemistry (Moscow) Supplement. Series B, Biomedical Chemistry
|April 15, 2020
PubMed
Summary

DNA/RNA aptamers show promise as protein inhibitors for diseases. These novel molecular tools can target pathogenic proteins, moving from basic research to practical applications in medicine.

Keywords:
DNA/RNA aptamersproteinsthe SELEX method

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Drug Discovery

Background:

  • DNA/RNA aptamers are emerging as versatile molecular recognition tools.
  • Pathogenic proteins in widespread human diseases are key therapeutic targets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the application of aptamers targeting proteins involved in human disease pathogenesis.
  • To highlight aptamers as potential direct inhibitors of pathogenic proteins.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on DNA/RNA aptamers.
  • Analysis of aptamer binding affinities and specificities to protein targets.
  • Evaluation of aptamer-based inhibition of protein functions.

Main Results:

  • Aptamers targeting serine proteases, cytokines, viral proteins (influenza, HIV), and nucleic acid-binding proteins were identified.
  • High affinity and specific binding of aptamers to their protein targets were demonstrated.
  • Aptamers show potential for inhibiting the activity of pathogenic proteins.

Conclusions:

  • Nucleic acid aptamers can effectively regulate (inhibit) protein target activity.
  • The concept of aptamer-based protein inhibition has progressed from basic research to practical implementation.