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[Salt intake knowledge and behavior among school teachers in four Chinese cities in 2014]
Chao Song1, Caicui Ding1, Fan Yuan1
1National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Wei Sheng Yan Jiu = Journal of Hygiene Research
|April 16, 2020
Summary
School teachers in four Chinese cities show good knowledge of salt and health recommendations, but their behaviors need improvement to reduce salt intake. This study highlights areas for intervention to promote healthier dietary habits.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Nutrition Science
- Health Education
Background:
- High salt intake is a significant public health concern, linked to hypertension and cardiovascular diseases.
- Understanding knowledge and behavior regarding salt consumption is crucial for developing effective health interventions.
- School teachers, as educators, play a vital role in disseminating health information.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the knowledge level of school teachers in four Chinese cities regarding "salt and health."
- To analyze how this knowledge influences their related dietary behaviors.
- To identify demographic factors associated with knowledge and behavior.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from a 2014 salt Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) survey among urban residents in China.
- Employed stratified random cluster sampling to select 2518 school teachers from Shenyang, Wuhan, Chengdu, and Guangzhou.
- Administered self-filled questionnaires to collect information on salt intake knowledge and behavior, analyzed using SAS 9.4.
Main Results:
- Approximately 50.9% of teachers knew recommended salt intake, 66.6% knew sodium impacts health, and 85.3% knew high salt intake causes hypertension.
- Knowledge levels varied significantly by gender, age, education, and family income, with females, older teachers, and higher-income individuals often showing better knowledge.
- While knowledge was moderate, behaviors like using low-sodium salt (21.4%), controlling salt intake with spoons (4.2%), choosing low-sodium foods (25.4%), and requesting light meals (15.1%) were suboptimal.
Conclusions:
- School teachers in the surveyed Chinese cities possess a foundational understanding of "salt and health" principles.
- However, there is a clear need to enhance practical behaviors related to salt reduction to effectively lower overall salt intake.
- Targeted interventions focusing on translating knowledge into consistent healthy eating practices are recommended.
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