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Electrospun 3D Structured Carbon Current Collector for Li/S Batteries.

Sandugash Kalybekkyzy1,2,3, Almagul Mentbayeva1,2, Yerkezhan Yerkinbekova1

  • 1National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Institute of Batteries, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 17, 2020
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Summary

Lightweight carbon nanofibers (CNF) offer a superior 3D current collector for sulfur cathodes, significantly boosting electrode capacity and cycling stability compared to traditional aluminum foil. This advancement enhances energy storage performance.

Keywords:
carbon nanofiberscurrent collectorelectrode capacityelectrospinning methodlithium-sulfur battery

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Developing efficient current collectors is crucial for high-performance batteries.
  • Traditional aluminum foil current collectors have limitations in terms of weight and surface area for advanced electrode designs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the use of electrospun carbon nanofibers (CNF) as a lightweight, 3D structured current collector for sulfur cathodes.
  • To evaluate the electrochemical performance and stability of sulfur cathodes utilizing CNF current collectors.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of carbon nanofibers (CNF) via electrospinning with controllable diameter and uniform structure.
  • Characterization of the electrochemical performance of sulfur cathodes deposited on CNF and aluminum foil.
  • Assessment of cycling stability and specific capacity over 100 cycles.

Main Results:

  • The CNF current collector enabled a remarkable increase in electrode capacity (200 to 500 mAh/g).
  • Sulfur cathodes on CNF achieved an initial specific capacity of 1620 mAh/g and maintained 1104 mAh/g after 100 cycles.
  • CNF collectors exhibited significantly lower areal density (0.85 mg/cm²) compared to aluminum foil (7.33 mg/cm²).

Conclusions:

  • Electrospun CNFs serve as an effective, lightweight 3D structured current collector for sulfur cathodes.
  • The use of CNF current collectors significantly enhances capacity and cycling stability in sulfur batteries.
  • CNF current collectors offer a promising alternative to conventional materials for advanced energy storage applications.