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Coeliac trunk and its anatomic variations: a cadaveric study.

A Juszczak1, A Mazurek1, J A Walocha1

  • 1Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 12th Kopernika Street, 31-034 Cracow, Poland.

Folia Morphologica
|April 18, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The coeliac trunk (CT) typically divides into three main arteries. This study found variations in CT branching patterns in Polish cadavers, with Type 2 being more common than previously reported.

Keywords:
Adachi classificationanatomical variationscoeliac trunktripod

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Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Vascular Anatomy
  • Surgical Anatomy

Background:

  • The coeliac trunk (CT) is a critical visceral artery branching from the abdominal aorta.
  • Understanding CT anatomy and its variations is vital for surgical procedures in the upper abdomen.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail the division patterns and anatomical variants of the coeliac trunk.
  • To analyze the CT branching in a sample of the Polish population.

Main Methods:

  • Dissection of the coeliac trunk in 50 adult Polish cadavers.
  • Exclusion of cadavers with prior abdominal surgery or pathologies affecting arterial anatomy.
  • Classification of CT patterns according to the Adachi system and description of variations.

Main Results:

  • The typical trifurcation (Type 1) was observed in 82% of cases, with a "false tripod" (80%) more common than a "true tripod" (20%).
  • A hepatosplenic trunk (Type 2) was found in 16% of specimens, a higher prevalence than typically cited.
  • Accessory vessels, such as the greater pancreatic and left inferior phrenic arteries, were noted in 2% of sections.

Conclusions:

  • The observed coeliac trunk branching patterns largely align with the Adachi classification.
  • Type 2 CT variations occurred twice as frequently as expected, highlighting significant anatomical diversity.
  • The typical origin level for the CT was consistently found between T12 and L1 vertebral discs.