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Risk factors for disease severity, unimprovement, and mortality in COVID-19 patients in Wuhan, China

J Zhang1, X Wang2, X Jia1

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China.

Clinical Microbiology and Infection : the Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
|April 19, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Older male patients with chronic diseases, severe COVID-19, expectoration, muscle ache, and low albumin levels faced higher risks of unimprovement and mortality from coronavirus disease (COVID-19).

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • The emergence of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Wuhan in December 2019 necessitated understanding its characteristics and risk factors.
  • Key factors influencing disease severity, patient improvement, and mortality in COVID-19 remained unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the characteristics and identify risk factors associated with COVID-19 severity, unimprovement, and mortality.
  • To provide insights into patient outcomes for better clinical management.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 663 consecutive patients diagnosed with COVID-19.
  • Patients were admitted to Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University between January 11 and February 6, 2020.

Main Results:

  • 37.3% of patients had at least one chronic disease. Severity distribution: 0.5% mild, 37.8% moderate, 47.5% severe, 14.2% critical.
  • The overall mortality rate was 3.77%. Older patients (>60 years) and those with chronic diseases showed higher risks of severe/critical conditions, unimprovement, and death (p <0.001).
  • Independent risk factors for unimprovement included male sex, severe COVID-19 condition, expectoration, muscle ache, and decreased albumin.

Conclusions:

  • Male sex, severe COVID-19, expectoration, muscle ache, and decreased albumin are independent risk factors impacting COVID-19 patient improvement.
  • Older age and presence of chronic diseases are significant predictors of poor outcomes in COVID-19 patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19disease severitymortalitypatientsunimprovement

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