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Evaluation of Host-Pathogen Responses and Vaccine Efficacy in Mice

Evaluation of Host-Pathogen Responses and Vaccine Efficacy in Mice

Published on: February 22, 2019

Vaccines for Older Travelers.

Wolfgang Jilg¹

¹Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany, wolfgang.jilg@ukr.de.

Interdisciplinary Topics in Gerontology and Geriatrics

|April 20, 2020

Summary

Older travelers require specific vaccine recommendations due to age-related immune system changes. This guide details necessary standard and travel vaccines, considering efficacy and altered use in the elderly for tropical and subtropical travel.

Area of Science:

Travel Medicine
Immunology
Infectious Diseases

Background:

Older adults face increased infection severity and reduced vaccine immunogenicity.
Travel to tropical/subtropical regions necessitates specific immunizations.
Age impacts immune response to both infections and vaccines.

Purpose of the Study:

To outline essential vaccines for older travelers to tropical and subtropical countries.
To discuss vaccine administration and potential modifications for the elderly.
To provide evidence-based recommendations for vaccinating older adults.

Main Methods:

Review of standard vaccinations (tetanus, diphtheria, influenza, pneumococcal, measles, polio).
Detailed examination of travel-specific vaccines (cholera, hepatitis A/B, Japanese encephalitis, meningococcal, rabies, typhoid, yellow fever).

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Analysis of vaccine efficacy and safety in older individuals, where data exists.

Main Results:

Standard vaccinations need updating based on individual history and destination risks.
Travel vaccines like cholera, hepatitis A/B, typhoid, and yellow fever are crucial.
Efficacy data for some vaccines in the elderly is limited, requiring careful consideration.

Conclusions:

Tailored vaccine strategies are vital for older travelers' health.
Recommendations consider age-specific immune responses and vaccine effectiveness.
Proactive immunization protects against travel-related infectious diseases in seniors.