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The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution01:25

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Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...
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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Updated: Dec 23, 2025

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Placental function in maternal obesity.

Amy C Kelly1, Theresa L Powell1,2, Thomas Jansson1

  • 1Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, U.S.A.

Clinical Science (London, England : 1979)
|April 22, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Maternal obesity impacts placental function, potentially increasing offspring

Keywords:
fetal developmentfetal growthhumanmaternal-fetal exchangeplacental transportsyncytiotrophoblast

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Metabolic Health
  • Developmental Origins of Health and Disease

Background:

  • Maternal obesity is linked to pregnancy complications and offspring metabolic disease risk.
  • Mechanisms connecting maternal obesity to adverse outcomes are not fully understood.
  • Obese pregnancies exhibit altered maternal metabolic profiles (e.g., insulin resistance, hormone levels).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how maternal obesity affects placental function.
  • To explore the link between placental changes and offspring outcomes in obese pregnancies.
  • To identify potential therapeutic targets for preventing intergenerational metabolic disease transmission.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on maternal obesity and placental function.
  • Analysis of maternal and placental molecular signaling pathways (e.g., mTOR, inflammatory pathways).
  • Bioinformatics approaches to understand placental gene expression changes.

Main Results:

  • Maternal obesity alters placental nutrient transport, signaling (e.g., mTOR activation), and metabolic function.
  • Placentas in obese pregnancies show signs of inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipid accumulation.
  • Despite these changes, many obese women deliver normal-sized infants, indicating complex placental adaptations.

Conclusions:

  • Maternal obesity significantly impacts placental function, influencing fetal development and long-term health risks.
  • Understanding placental adaptations is crucial, especially in cases of normal-sized infant delivery.
  • Targeting placental pathways, like adiponectin receptors, may offer strategies to mitigate metabolic disease transmission.