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The Risk of Developing Constipation After Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis.

Shan-Ming Chen1,2, Jing-Yang Huang3,4, Ming-Chi Wu5,6,7

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.

Frontiers in Pediatrics
|April 23, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) face a higher risk of developing constipation. However, NEC does not appear to increase the likelihood of allergic diseases in children.

Keywords:
adjusted hazard ratiosconstipationdysbiosisfailure to thrivenecrotizing enterocolitis

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Gastroenterology
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe intestinal disease affecting premature infants, with gut dysbiosis as a potential factor.
  • Investigating NEC's association with other childhood conditions like allergic diseases and constipation, which are linked to gut microbiota alterations, is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between NEC and the incidence of allergic diseases and constipation in children.
  • To understand the long-term health implications of NEC beyond the neonatal period.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective population-based cohort study utilizing Taiwanese health databases (2005-2015).
  • Propensity score matching (1:1) to create comparable NEC and non-NEC cohorts (n=1,145 each).
  • Cox proportional hazard regression models to analyze associations and calculate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs).

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in allergic disease incidence between NEC and control groups.
  • NEC patients exhibited a 30.7% increased risk of developing constipation (aHR = 1.307).
  • Cumulative incidence of constipation was significantly higher in the NEC cohort (log-rank test P = 0.003).

Conclusions:

  • Infants diagnosed with NEC have a significantly higher incidence of constipation.
  • NEC is not associated with an increased risk of developing allergic diseases in children.
  • Further research into gut microbiota's role in NEC and associated conditions is warranted.