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Crystallization-Driven Flows within Evaporating Aqueous Saline Droplets.

Marina Efstratiou1, John Christy1, Khellil Sefiane1,2

  • 1Institute of Multiscale Thermofluids, School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, U.K.

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|April 23, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We observed a liquid jet during salt crystal formation in evaporating drops, driven by fluid dynamics and solutal Marangoni convection. This jet influences crystal growth patterns, explaining why salt deposits in discrete crystals rather than a continuous ring.

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Crystallization
  • Physical chemistry

Background:

  • Evaporation of sessile drops is a common phenomenon.
  • Understanding the interplay between fluid flow and crystallization is crucial for various applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the direct correlation between hydrodynamics and crystallization in evaporating saline drops.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms driving fluid flow during salt crystallization.

Main Methods:

  • Micro-particle image velocimetry (micro-PIV) was used to measure flow fields.
  • Experiments were conducted on evaporating microliter saline (1 M NaCl) sessile drops.

Main Results:

  • A distinct liquid jet was observed along the base of the drops, directed at the nucleation site.
  • The fluid jet is explained by the competition between solutal Marangoni convection and mass conservation flow.
  • Vortices formed on either side of the growing crystal, reducing local salt concentration.

Conclusions:

  • The observed liquid jet directly links hydrodynamics to crystallization in evaporating salt drops.
  • The findings provide a mechanism for the formation of discrete salt crystals instead of a continuous ring.