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Procedural fluency, a sense of ease from consistent task procedures, can inflate confidence without improving performance. Awareness of this consistency or changing beliefs about fluency reduces its impact on confidence.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Metacognition
  • Decision Making

Background:

  • Stimulus-based fluency enhances processing ease and confidence.
  • Procedural features within a task can also influence processing fluency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of procedural fluency on task performance and confidence.
  • To determine if manipulating procedural consistency affects metacognitive judgments.
  • To explore the role of naïve theories in mediating the effects of procedural fluency.

Main Methods:

  • Participants completed tasks with manipulated procedural feature consistency.
  • Confidence and accuracy were measured.
  • Awareness of procedural consistency and participants' naïve theories were manipulated.

Main Results:

  • Procedural consistency led to procedural fluency, increasing confidence without improving accuracy.
  • Drawing attention to procedural consistency attenuated its effect on confidence.
  • Manipulating naïve theories about fluency mitigated its influence on confidence.

Conclusions:

  • Procedural fluency can create an illusion of competence.
  • Metacognitive awareness and beliefs about fluency are crucial moderators.
  • Findings highlight the importance of procedural design in cognitive tasks.