Low-Cost Battery-Powered and User-Friendly Real-Time Quantitative PCR System for the Detection of Multigene

Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the standard for nucleic acid detection and plays an important role in many fields. A new chip design is proposed in this study to avoid the use of expensive instruments for hydrophobic treatment of the surface, and a new injection method solves the issue of bubbles formed during the temperature cycle. We built a battery-powered real-time PCR device to follow polymerase chain reaction using fluorescence detection and developed an independently designed electromechanical control system and a fluorescence analysis software to control the temperature cycle, the photoelectric detection coupling, and the automatic analysis of the experimental data. The microchips and the temperature cycling system cost USD 100. All the elements of the device are available through open access, and there are no technical barriers. The simple structure and manipulation allows beginners to build instruments and perform PCR tests after only a short tutorial. The device is used for analysis of the amplification curve and the melting curve of multiple target genes to demonstrate that our instrument has the same accuracy and stability as a commercial instrument.