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Updated: Dec 23, 2025

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TRK Inhibitors in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Guilherme Harada1, Aline Bobato Lara Gongora2, Cesar Martins da Costa2

  • 1Oncology Center, Hospital Sírio-Libanes, Rua Dona Adma Jafet 91, São Paulo, SP, 01308-060, Brazil. guilherme.harada@hsl.org.br.

Current Treatment Options in Oncology
|April 25, 2020
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Diagnostic strategies for advanced non-small cell lung cancer should include NTRK fusion testing. Approved therapies like larotrectinib and entrectinib show efficacy, with ongoing research into new treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Diagnostics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) diagnosis requires comprehensive molecular profiling.
  • NTRK gene fusions are rare but actionable oncogenic drivers in NSCLC.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To emphasize the importance of NTRK fusion testing in advanced NSCLC.
  • To review current diagnostic methods and therapeutic options for NTRK fusion-positive NSCLC.

Main Methods:

  • RNA sequencing as the gold standard for NTRK fusion detection.
  • Pan-TRK immunohistochemistry as a sensitive screening tool.

Main Results:

  • TRK inhibitors (larotrectinib, entrectinib) demonstrate significant clinical responses in NSCLC patients with NTRK fusions.
  • These therapies show durable efficacy in both systemic and central nervous system disease.
  • Adverse events are manageable, with common TRK-related effects including dizziness and weight gain.

Conclusions:

  • NTRK fusion testing should be integrated into the diagnostic workup for advanced NSCLC.
  • TRK inhibitors offer effective treatment options for patients with NTRK fusion-positive tumors.
  • Clinical trial enrollment is recommended for patients progressing on current TRK inhibitors to access novel therapies.
Keywords:
Advanced non-small cell lung cancerNTRK fusionPrecision oncologyTRK inhibitorsTargeted therapy

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