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Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test01:22

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In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess...
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Chronic liver disease significantly impacts drug metabolism due to alterations in hepatic blood flow and enzyme accessibility. This disruption affects the body's pharmacokinetics—the movement and processing of drugs within the system. Key enzymes crucial for metabolizing medications become less accessible, changing how drugs are processed and utilized. Furthermore, liver disease influences the synthesis of plasma proteins, such as albumin and globulins, which play critical roles in drug...
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Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
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Cell Type-specific Gene Expression Profiling in the Mouse Liver
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Epitranscriptomics in liver disease: Basic concepts and therapeutic potential.

Zhicong Zhao1, Jiaxiang Meng2, Rui Su3

  • 1Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA.

Journal of Hepatology
|April 25, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Epitranscriptomics studies RNA chemical modifications like N-methyladenosine (m6A), crucial for gene regulation and cellular processes. This review explores m6A

Keywords:
EpitranscriptomicsLipid metabolismLiver cancerLiver diseaseMetastasisNAFLDNASHm(6)A inhibitorm(6)A modificationmRNA metabolism

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Area of Science:

  • Epitranscriptomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • RNA Modifications

Background:

  • Next-generation sequencing and specific antibodies enable epitranscriptomics research.
  • Cellular RNA undergoes dynamic, reversible chemical modifications post-transcription.
  • N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant internal mRNA modification in eukaryotes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the biological roles of m6A RNA methylation in hepatic functions and diseases.
  • To summarize m6A regulators and their mechanisms.
  • To discuss therapeutic strategies targeting m6A modifications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on m6A RNA methylation.
  • Analysis of m6A's role in physiological and pathological liver processes.
  • Summary of m6A inhibitors and their potential.

Main Results:

  • m6A modifications are vital in embryogenesis, carcinogenesis, and neurogenesis.
  • m6A regulates RNA processing, including export, splicing, and degradation.
  • m6A plays significant roles in liver lipid metabolism, viral hepatitis, NAFLD, liver cancer, and metastasis.

Conclusions:

  • m6A RNA methylation is a key regulator in liver physiology and disease.
  • Targeting m6A regulators presents a promising therapeutic avenue for liver disorders.
  • Further research into m6A modulation could lead to novel treatments.