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Updated: Dec 23, 2025

Cigarette Smoke Exposure in Mice using a Whole-Body Inhalation System
Published on: October 22, 2020
The Effects of Smoking on IgE, Oxidative Stress and Haemoglobin Concentration
Najat J Ahmed1, Adnan Z Husen1, Najmaddin Khoshnaw2,3
1Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Health-Technical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Background:
Smoking is a well-known related factor for many health problems in a human being through different ways of exposure.
Objectives:
Thie aim of the study was to examine the effects of different types of cigarette smoking on hemoglobin level, high sensitive C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP), Malondialdehyde (MDA), and IgE levels in healthy adult subjects.
Methods:
One hundred seventy-one healthy adult females and males were included in this study. They divided into four groups: cigarette, shisha, passive smokers, and non-smokers groups. Serum samples from all groups analyzed for hemoglobin, hsCRP, IgE, and malondialdehyde level.
Results:
The mean MDA, IgE, and hemoglobin levels significantly increased in both smokers (cigarette and Shisha groups) and passive smokers than in non-smokers group (p<0.05). The hsCRP levels were significantly increased (p<0.05) in cigarette and Shisha smokers compared to non-smokers. At the same time, there was a non-significant relationship between passive smoker in comparison to non-smokers (p>0.05).
Conclusion:
This study concluded that smoking, including cigarette and shisha, even passive smoking harmed health through increasing Malondialdehyde, serum IgE and hs-CRP levels in the body.
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