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Asthma caused by bromelain: an occupational allergy
G Gailhofer1, M Wilders-Truschnig, J Smolle
1Department of Dermatology, University of Graz, Austria.
Clinical Allergy
|September 1, 1988
Summary
Occupational exposure to bromelain can cause allergic reactions, primarily respiratory symptoms, through inhalation. Bromelain is a potent sensitizer, highlighting the need for workplace safety measures.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Immunology
- Occupational Health
Background:
- Bromelains, proteolytic enzymes from Bromeliaceae, are widely used in pharmaceuticals, food, and diagnostics.
- These enzymes are known to trigger IgE-mediated allergic reactions, including respiratory symptoms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the sensitization rate to bromelain in laboratory workers with occupational exposure.
- To compare sensitization rates between exposed workers and a healthy control group.
- To identify the primary route of sensitization and potential risks associated with allergen testing.
Main Methods:
- Case reporting of occupational allergy to bromelain in a blood grouping laboratory.
- Investigating sensitization rates through specific testing in exposed workers.
- Comparative analysis with healthy individuals lacking bromelain exposure.
Main Results:
- Bromelain demonstrated a high sensitization potential.
- Inhalation was identified as the primary route of sensitization, rather than ingestion.
- Occupational acquisition of bromelain allergy was confirmed.
- Skin testing with purified bromelain, even diluted, posed a risk of systemic reactions.
Conclusions:
- Bromelain is a potent occupational sensitizer, with inhalation being the main route of exposure.
- Allergy to bromelain is typically acquired in the workplace, necessitating stringent safety protocols.
- Careful consideration and precautions are required during diagnostic skin testing with bromelain to prevent systemic reactions.