Jove
Visualize
Contact Us

Related Concept Videos

Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

8.8K
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
8.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A Decade of Leadership and Impact: Celebrating 10 Years of the ORS Spine Section.

JOR spine·2026
Same author

Comparing Movement Patterns and Physical Function Between Chronic Low Back Pain Patients With Nociplastic and Nociceptive Pain Categories.

JOR spine·2026
Same author

Sex-Based Differences in Cell Types and Gene Expression within the Anterior Cruciate Ligament.

The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume·2026
Same author

Vertebral Growth Modulation Through Periosteal Resection and Fixed Length Deformity Overcorrection: Computational and In Vivo Pilot Study.

JOR spine·2025
Same author

Characterization of the murine spine for spaceflight studies.

PloS one·2025
Same author

Understanding the etiopathogenesis of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation: From clinical evidence to basic scientific research.

JOR spine·2024
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 23, 2025

An In Vitro Organ Culture Model of the Murine Intervertebral Disc
08:03

An In Vitro Organ Culture Model of the Murine Intervertebral Disc

Published on: April 11, 2017

10.1K

Direct Quantification of Intervertebral Disc Water Content Using MRI.

Bo Yang1, Michael F Wendland2, Grace D O'Connell1,3

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA.

Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging : JMRI
|April 28, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Accurate intervertebral disc water content measurement using quantitative MRI is crucial for patient-specific models. Spin density normalization provides a more accurate estimation than T2 relaxation times, especially for the nucleus pulposus.

Keywords:
T1ρ relaxation timeT2 relaxation timeintervertebral discmagnetic resonance imagingquantitative magnetic resonance imagingwater content

More Related Videos

Fat-Water Phantoms for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Validation: A Flexible and Scalable Protocol
07:59

Fat-Water Phantoms for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Validation: A Flexible and Scalable Protocol

Published on: September 7, 2018

11.9K
Optical Sectioning and Visualization of the Intervertebral Disc from Embryonic Development to Degeneration
06:22

Optical Sectioning and Visualization of the Intervertebral Disc from Embryonic Development to Degeneration

Published on: July 8, 2021

2.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 23, 2025

An In Vitro Organ Culture Model of the Murine Intervertebral Disc
08:03

An In Vitro Organ Culture Model of the Murine Intervertebral Disc

Published on: April 11, 2017

10.1K
Fat-Water Phantoms for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Validation: A Flexible and Scalable Protocol
07:59

Fat-Water Phantoms for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Validation: A Flexible and Scalable Protocol

Published on: September 7, 2018

11.9K
Optical Sectioning and Visualization of the Intervertebral Disc from Embryonic Development to Degeneration
06:22

Optical Sectioning and Visualization of the Intervertebral Disc from Embryonic Development to Degeneration

Published on: July 8, 2021

2.5K

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Radiology
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • Accurate water content measurement in intervertebral discs (NP and AF) is vital for simulating swelling and nutrient diffusion, crucial for patient-specific modeling.
  • Quantitative MRI offers a non-destructive method to estimate water content and detect early disc degeneration, but its accuracy is influenced by scan parameters and tissue properties.
  • Current methods for measuring disc water content are often destructive, highlighting the need for reliable non-invasive techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To directly measure intervertebral disc water content using quantitative MRI.
  • To compare MRI-derived water content measurements with biochemical assay results.
  • To quantify geometric changes in the intervertebral disc under compression.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 7T/3D FLASH and T2 RARE MRI sequences on bovine disc specimens.
  • Measured disc volumes, nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) volumetric water content, and T2 relaxation times via MRI.
  • Performed biochemical assays to determine NP and AF gravimetric water content, mass density, and glycosaminoglycan content.

Main Results:

  • Mechanical dehydration reduced disc volume by up to 20% and disc height by up to 35%.
  • Normalizing MRI spin density by NP mass density accurately estimated NP water content.
  • The same normalization method underestimated AF water content by approximately 10%, likely due to higher collagen and bound water content.

Conclusions:

  • Spin density normalized by mass density is a more accurate method for estimating NP and AF water content compared to T2 relaxation times.
  • Quantitative MRI, particularly using spin density normalization, shows promise for non-invasively assessing intervertebral disc water content.
  • Mechanical dehydration significantly alters disc geometry, impacting water content measurements.