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Classification Criteria in Axial Spondyloarthritis: What Have We Learned; Where Are We Going?
Rhys J Hayward1, Pedro M Machado2
1Department of Rheumatology, Northwick Park Hospital, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, Watford Road, Harrow, Middlesex HA1 3UJ, London, UK; Department of Rheumatology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, 3rd Floor, 250 Euston Road, NW1 2PG, London, UK.
Abstract:
Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a chronic inflammatory condition that can have a predominately peripheral or axial presentation. Axial SpA (axSpA) affects the axial skeleton with either radiographic (r-axSpA) or nonradiographic (nr-axSpA) changes. Radiographic changes are a late disease feature and earlier disease stages can be identified by incorporating other imaging methods. The diagnosis of axSpA is a clinical diagnosis and classification criteria are not aimed to be diagnostic tools. The split between r-axSpA and nr-axSpA is artificial and we should move toward the unifying concept of axSpA. Our understanding of genetics, biomarkers, and immunopathophenotypes will drive further refinement of classification criteria.
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