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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 23, 2025

Qualitative and Quantitative Validation of Tools with Rating Scales Aimed at Assessing the Quality of University Service-Learning
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Development and Validation of the Systems Thinking Scale.

Mary A Dolansky1, Shirley M Moore2, Patrick A Palmieri3

  • 1Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA. Mary.dolansky@case.edu.

Journal of General Internal Medicine
|April 29, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new 20-item Systems Thinking Scale (STS) was developed and psychometrically tested. This reliable and valid instrument can advance quality improvement science and education by measuring systems thinking skills.

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Area of Science:

  • Healthcare Quality Improvement
  • Patient Safety
  • Educational Measurement

Background:

  • Systems thinking is crucial for quality and safety initiatives.
  • A validated measure is needed to understand improvement mechanisms.
  • This study aimed to develop and test a Systems Thinking Scale (STS).

Purpose of the Study:

  • Develop a psychometric instrument to measure systems thinking.
  • Validate the Systems Thinking Scale (STS) in healthcare professionals and students.
  • Provide a tool to advance quality improvement education and research.

Main Methods:

  • Expert conceptual domains informed item generation.
  • Psychometric testing involved interprofessional healthcare faculty and students.
  • Factor analysis, reliability, and validity testing were conducted.

Main Results:

  • A 20-item STS emerged after factor analysis.
  • The STS demonstrated good test-retest reliability (r=0.74).
  • Internal consistency was high (Cronbach's alpha=0.89), and discriminant validity was confirmed.

Conclusions:

  • The 20-item STS is a valid and reliable measure.
  • The scale is easy to administer, requiring less than 10 minutes.
  • The STS can enhance understanding of quality improvement mechanisms and evaluate educational effectiveness.