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Related Concept Videos

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

222
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
222
Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

253
Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
253
Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management01:26

Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management

239
 The nursing management of a patient with peripheral artery disease (PAD) begins with a thorough assessment of the patient’s health history and clinical manifestations.AssessmentHealth History: Evaluate the patient’s history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, family history of cardiovascular issues, and lifestyle factors such as dietary patterns, smoking, and physical activity.Physical Examination:Assess the affected extremity for decreased or absent peripheral pulses,...
239
Peripheral Artery Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:27

Peripheral Artery Disease III: Interprofessional Care

176
Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is characterized by narrowed arteries that diminish blood flow to the extremities. Effective management of PAD requires an interprofessional approach involving various healthcare professionals. The critical aspects of interprofessional care for PAD patients focus on risk factor modification, drug therapy, exercise therapy, nutrition therapy, critical limb ischemia care, and interventional radiology and surgical procedures.The primary treatment goal for PAD...
176
Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

779
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
779
Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests

367
Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder that leads to the thickening and narrowing of arterial walls due to plaque buildup. This condition can cause various symptoms depending on the arteries affected:Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): This condition affects the coronary arteries and may lead to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath (dyspnea), heart attacks, and other heart disease symptoms.Cerebrovascular Disease: This affects blood flow to the brain, causing transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)...
367

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Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial-Dependent Flow-Mediated Vasodilation of the Brachial Artery in Clinical Research
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Job Strain as a Risk Factor for Peripheral Artery Disease: A Multi-Cohort Study.

Katriina Heikkilä1,2, Jaana Pentti3,4, Ida E H Madsen5

  • 1Department of Health Services Research and Policy London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London United Kingdom.

Journal of the American Heart Association
|April 29, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Job strain, characterized by high work demands and low control, is linked to an increased risk of hospitalization for peripheral artery disease (PAD). This association was consistent across various demographic groups in a large meta-analysis.

Keywords:
epidemiologyjob strainmeta‐analysisperipheral artery diseaserisk factors

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Epidemiology
  • Occupational Health
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Job strain is a known risk factor for several atherosclerotic diseases.
  • The specific association between job strain and peripheral artery disease (PAD) remains underexplored.
  • Understanding occupational stressors' impact on vascular health is crucial for preventative strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between job strain and hospital records of peripheral artery disease (PAD).
  • To quantify the risk of PAD hospitalization associated with job strain using a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.
  • To explore potential heterogeneity and consistency of the association across subgroups.

Main Methods:

  • Individual-level data from 11 prospective cohort studies across Northern Europe were pooled.
  • Job strain was defined as high work demands and low job control, self-reported at baseline.
  • Peripheral artery disease (PAD) hospitalizations were identified through national registries; Cox regression and meta-analysis were employed.

Main Results:

  • A total of 139,132 participants were included, with 32,489 reporting job strain.
  • Over 1.7 million person-years of follow-up revealed 667 PAD hospitalizations.
  • Job strain was associated with a 1.41-fold increased average risk of PAD hospitalization (95% CI, 1.11-1.80).

Conclusions:

  • Job strain demonstrates a small but consistent association with an increased risk of hospitalization for peripheral artery disease (PAD).
  • The observed relative risks for PAD are comparable to those seen for coronary heart disease and ischemic stroke.
  • Findings highlight the importance of considering occupational psychosocial factors in vascular disease prevention.