Papular xanthoma. Clinical, histological and ultrastructural study.

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Pathology

Background:

• Papular xanthoma is a rare eruptive xanthoma variant.
• Distinguishing papular xanthoma from other xanthoma types is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.

Observation:

• The 5th documented case of papular xanthoma is presented.
• Clinical presentation includes normolipidemic, nonconfluent papules on the face, trunk, and mucous membranes.
• No internal organ involvement was observed.

Findings:

• Histological examination reveals foamy cells and Touton giant cells.
• Absence of inflammatory or histiocytic components is noted.
• Electron microscopy shows macrophages filled with lipidic vacuoles, lacking specific markers.

Implications:

• This case contributes to the limited literature on papular xanthoma.
• Understanding these distinct features aids in differentiating papular xanthoma from other lipid storage disorders.
• Further research may elucidate the specific pathogenesis of this rare condition.