Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Deindividuation00:57

Deindividuation

30.1K
Deindividuation is a form of social influence on an individual’s behavior such that the individual engages in unusual or non-normal behavior while in a group setting. Why? Because in these group settings, the individual no longer sees themselves as an individual anymore, disinhibiting their behavior and personal restraint.
30.1K
Stereotype Content Model02:16

Stereotype Content Model

15.2K
The Stereotype Content Model (SCM) was first proposed by Susan Fiske and her colleagues (Fiske, Cuddy, Glick & Xu, 2002; see also Fiske, 2012 and Fiske, 2017). The SCM specifies that when someone encounters a new group, they will stereotype them based on two metrics: warmth—or that group’s perceived intent, and how likely they are to provide help or inflict harm—and competence—or their ability to carry out that objective. Depending on the warmth-competence...
15.2K
Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination02:55

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

94.6K
Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
94.6K
Fundamental Attribution Error01:14

Fundamental Attribution Error

13.6K
According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is...
13.6K
Humanistic Psychology01:24

Humanistic Psychology

2.3K
Humanistic psychology emerged in the mid-20th century as a response to the deterministic and pessimistic nature of behaviorism and psychoanalysis. While behaviorism focused on observable behaviors influenced by the environment and psychoanalysis delved into unconscious motivations, both theories suggested that human actions lacked free will. In contrast, humanistic psychology offers a perspective that emphasizes the innate potential for goodness and growth within every individual.
This approach...
2.3K
Stereotype Threat and Self-fulfilling Prophecies02:09

Stereotype Threat and Self-fulfilling Prophecies

41.9K
When we hold a stereotype about a person, we have expectations that he or she will fulfill that stereotype. A self-fulfilling prophecy is an expectation held by a person that alters his or her behavior in a way that tends to make it true. When we hold stereotypes about a person, we tend to treat the person according to our expectations. This treatment can influence the person to act according to our stereotypic expectations, thus confirming our stereotypic beliefs. Research by Rosenthal and...
41.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

To what extent is research on infrahumanization confounded by intergroup preference?

Royal Society open science·2025
Same author

Understanding the influence of online misogyny in schools from the perspective of teachers.

PloS one·2025
Same author

Attribution of undesirable character traits, rather than trait-based dehumanization, predicts punishment decisions.

Royal Society open science·2024
Same author

Animalistic slurs increase harm by changing perceptions of social desirability.

Royal Society open science·2023
Same author

Does a lack of perceptual expertise prevent participants from forming reliable first impressions of "other-race" faces?

Journal of experimental psychology. General·2022
Same author

Perceptual dehumanization theory: A critique.

Psychological review·2022
Same journal

Imagine No Resources: Attention Is Selection and Normalization for Choice.

Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science·2026
Same journal

Children's Third-Party Punishment Reveals a Genuine Concern for Fairness and Justice.

Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science·2026
Same journal

Chaos Theory and Child Development: Quantifying Nonlinear Pathways of Growth.

Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science·2026
Same journal

Formal Modeling as Theoretical Glue between Laboratory and Naturalistic Studies of Memory.

Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science·2026
Same journal

Growing Technological Opacity and the Social Brain.

Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science·2026
Same journal

Bringing the Reading Sciences Into the Classroom: Insights for Phonics Instruction.

Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 23, 2025

Perceptual and Category Processing of the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis' Dimension of Human Likeness: Some Methodological Issues
07:34

Perceptual and Category Processing of the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis' Dimension of Human Likeness: Some Methodological Issues

Published on: June 3, 2013

17.8K

Seven Challenges for the Dehumanization Hypothesis.

Harriet Over1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of York.

Perspectives on Psychological Science : a Journal of the Association for Psychological Science
|April 30, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The dehumanization hypothesis suggests out-groups are seen as less than human, making them vulnerable. This research challenges that, arguing dehumanized groups aren't treated like animals and harm isn't always linked to perceived inhumanity.

Keywords:
dehumanizationdiscriminationinfrahumanizationintergroup biasmental-state attribution

More Related Videos

Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses
06:42

Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses

Published on: September 28, 2018

12.0K
Author Spotlight: Unveiling Mechanisms of Stress Resilience - Significant Findings, Advancements, and Future Research
05:03

Author Spotlight: Unveiling Mechanisms of Stress Resilience - Significant Findings, Advancements, and Future Research

Published on: December 15, 2023

4.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 23, 2025

Perceptual and Category Processing of the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis' Dimension of Human Likeness: Some Methodological Issues
07:34

Perceptual and Category Processing of the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis' Dimension of Human Likeness: Some Methodological Issues

Published on: June 3, 2013

17.8K
Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses
06:42

Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses

Published on: September 28, 2018

12.0K
Author Spotlight: Unveiling Mechanisms of Stress Resilience - Significant Findings, Advancements, and Future Research
05:03

Author Spotlight: Unveiling Mechanisms of Stress Resilience - Significant Findings, Advancements, and Future Research

Published on: December 15, 2023

4.7K

Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Political Science
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Propagandists frequently use dehumanizing language, comparing stigmatized out-groups to nonhuman entities like vermin or reptiles.
  • The dehumanization hypothesis posits that viewing out-group members as less than human increases their vulnerability to harm.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically examine and challenge the core tenets of the dehumanization hypothesis.
  • To explore alternative explanations for the use of nonhuman comparisons in intergroup conflict.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis and critique of existing theories and examples of dehumanization.
  • Examination of empirical evidence regarding the treatment and perception of out-groups.

Main Results:

  • Prototypical examples of dehumanization do not consistently treat out-group members as nonhuman entities.
  • Out-groups are often denied certain human qualities while simultaneously being attributed others.
  • The causal link between perceived inhumanity and vulnerability to harm is questionable; some nonhuman entities receive care, and some human groups are harmed due to perceived human qualities.

Conclusions:

  • The dehumanization hypothesis requires significant revision.
  • The comparison of out-groups to nonhuman entities may serve purposes beyond simple dehumanization.
  • A nuanced understanding of intergroup perception and harm is necessary.