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Related Experiment Videos

Differences in color discrimination between three cardioactive glycosides.

K O Haustein1, C Schmidt

  • 1Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Academy Erfurt, GDR.

International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, Therapy, and Toxicology
|October 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Digoxin, but not digitoxin or pengitoxin, impairs color discrimination in heart failure patients. This effect is dose-dependent and linked to digoxin

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pharmacology
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Congestive heart failure (CHF) patients often receive digitalis glycosides.
  • Potential visual side effects of these medications require investigation.
  • Color vision is a sensitive indicator of neurological function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effects of digitoxin, pengitoxin, and digoxin on color discrimination in CHF patients.
  • To correlate color discrimination impairment with plasma glycoside levels and patient age.
  • To identify specific digitalis glycosides that may affect visual perception.

Main Methods:

  • Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue (FM 100) test administered to 100 CHF patients on digitoxin, pengitoxin, or digoxin, and 72 controls.
  • Radioimmunoassay used to measure plasma glycoside levels.
  • Total Error Score (TES) correlated with plasma levels and age.

Main Results:

  • Digoxin significantly increased TES in therapeutically relevant plasma concentrations, indicating impaired color discrimination.
  • Digitoxin and pengitoxin did not show significant differences in TES compared to controls, even with age-dependent increases.
  • Observed differences attributed to variations in glycoside volume of distribution and plasma protein binding.

Conclusions:

  • Digoxin, unlike digitoxin and pengitoxin, demonstrably impairs color discrimination ability in CHF patients.
  • Visual side effects, specifically color vision deficits, should be considered with digoxin therapy.
  • Pharmacokinetic differences between digitalis glycosides explain their varying impacts on color vision.

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