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Cardiovascular manifestations and treatment considerations in COVID-19

Yu Kang1, Tiffany Chen1, David Mui2

  • 1Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.

Heart (British Cardiac Society)
|May 2, 2020
PubMed

Insights

COVID-19 significantly increases the risk of severe illness and death, particularly in patients with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions. The virus also directly causes various cardiac complications, necessitating specific management strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic has led to widespread global health challenges.
  • Pre-existing comorbidities like hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are linked to increased COVID-19 severity and mortality.
  • COVID-19 is recognized to precipitate acute cardiovascular complications, mirroring effects seen in other viral respiratory illnesses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the significant cardiovascular complications associated with COVID-19.
  • To highlight the similarities between COVID-19 and other viral infections regarding cardiovascular impact.
  • To discuss essential cardiovascular considerations in the supportive management of COVID-19 patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on COVID-19 and cardiovascular complications.
  • Analysis of clinical data linking comorbidities to COVID-19 outcomes.
  • Examination of therapeutic strategies for managing cardiac issues in COVID-19.

Main Results:

  • COVID-19 is associated with increased severity and fatality in patients with hypertension, diabetes, and CVD.
  • Reported cardiovascular complications include acute myocardial injury, myocarditis, stress-cardiomyopathy, arrhythmias, cardiogenic shock, and cardiac arrest.
  • Cardiovascular interactions of COVID-19 share similarities with SARS, MERS, and influenza.

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19 poses a substantial threat to cardiovascular health, exacerbating existing conditions and causing new cardiac problems.
  • Management requires careful consideration of anticoagulation, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors, arrhythmia monitoring, and circulatory support.
  • Understanding these cardiovascular interactions is crucial for optimizing patient care during the pandemic.

Keywords:
cardiac risk factors and preventionmyocarditissystemic inflammatory diseases

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