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Spatial Characteristics of Roughness Sublayer Mean Flow and Turbulence Over a Realistic Urban Surface.

M G Giometto1, A Christen2, C Meneveau3

  • 11School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

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|May 2, 2020
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Summary

Large-eddy simulations (LES) reveal that urban turbulence is complex, with energy produced above buildings and transported downwards. These findings are crucial for improving urban canopy models.

Keywords:
Large-eddy simulationTurbulenceTurbulent kinetic energy budgetUrban canopyUrban roughness sublayer

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Area of Science:

  • Atmospheric Science
  • Environmental Fluid Dynamics
  • Urban Meteorology

Background:

  • Single-point measurements are insufficient for urban turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) budget analysis.
  • Urban flow fields exhibit significant spatial variability not captured by tower data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Quantify non-measurable TKE budget terms in urban environments.
  • Explore spatial variability of flow fields over and within real urban geometries.
  • Validate large-eddy simulations against in-situ turbulence measurements.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized large-eddy simulations (LES) with a discrete-forcing immersed boundary method.
  • Incorporated detailed real building geometries for Basel, Switzerland.
  • Compared LES results with tower-based turbulence measurements.

Main Results:

  • LES results accurately reproduced measurements under near-neutral conditions.
  • Identified an inflection point in mean velocity profiles above average building height.
  • Turbulent kinetic energy production occurs above the urban canopy, with downward transport.

Conclusions:

  • LES with immersed boundary conditions are valuable for studying urban turbulence and dispersion.
  • Pressure transport is significant in near-wall regions within the urban canopy.
  • Spatial variations and non-measurable terms are critical for urban canopy parametrization.